Hot air balloons and things to know

Hot air balloons were born with the desire to learn and explore space like free birds in the sky. The idea of this type attracted the attention and research of scientists in the 1700s.

1. About the concept

Hot air balloons are an innovative flying solution. In it, a large bag is filled with hot air or gases that are lighter than normal air. This creates thrust according to Archimedes' principle, allowing the large bag to fly high.

2. About structure

Hot air balloons look quite simple from the outside, but need to ensure high safety. So what is the structure of hot air balloons usually like, what materials are they made of? Hot air balloons are made up of 5 main parts:

Bark: This is the outer part of the balloon, made of a lightweight material such as nylon or polyester. The shell is capable of holding air inside and ensuring the airtightness of the balloon.

Air bag: It is the part that contains hot air to create the force to push the balloon up. It should be made of heat-resistant material such as silicone or polyurethane.

Fuel combustion system: This is the part that helps create high temperatures to heat the air inside the bag. By burning fuel such as propane or butane, the heat generated will increase the temperature of the air, causing the air-filled bag to become lighter and float.

Basket or hanging frame: This is the part of the balloon that carries passengers and cargo. It is usually made of bamboo or other lightweight materials such as aluminum. The basket is attached to the shell of the balloon and provides space for passengers and equipment.

Control and safety: Including parts such as gas tank, temperature control valve, air release valve to pump air into the balloon. And other safety devices to ensure safe operation and control of the balloon.

Overall, the components of a hot air balloon include the outer shell, the air bag, the fuel system, the basket or suspension frame, and the control and safety components. All of these features of the balloon work together to create the rise and flight of the balloon.

3. About the operating principle

More precisely about the working principle of Archimedes' balloon, we can say: "The buoyancy of an object in a liquid or gas is determined by a lifting force whose magnitude is equal to the weight of the liquid or gas displaced by this object".

To put it simply: heat the air inside the balloon to make it lighter than the normal cold air outside. From there, the large bag will be changed to float up, pulling the woven basket carrying goods/people below.

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